Custom Keyboards: Finding the Perfect Size and Layout

Q: What’s the difference between ANSI, ISO, and JIS keyboard layouts, and how do they affect typing?

The ANSI , ISO , and JIS keyboard layouts each have unique key arrangements and shapes, which can affect how comfortable and efficient typing feels. ANSI : This layout is widely used in the United States. It features a rectangular Enter key and a longer Left Shift key, making it a simple and familiar choice for many users who prioritize fast and accurate typing. ISO : Common in Europe, this layout includes an L-shaped Enter key and a shorter Left Shift key. Some users find this design more ergonomic or better suited for specific typing tasks. JIS : Designed for Japanese users, the JIS layout incorporates additional keys to accommodate Japanese characters. For those unfamiliar with the language, this layout might feel a bit less intuitive. Choosing the right keyboard layout can make a noticeable difference in typing speed, comfort, and usability - especially if your tasks involve language-specific input. If you're thinking about customizing your keyboard, take some time to figure out which layout aligns best with your needs and typing style.

Looking for the ideal keyboard? Whether you're typing, gaming, or working, the right keyboard size and layout can improve comfort, productivity, and desk space management. Here's a quick breakdown:

Sizes:
- Full-size (104 keys): Best for data entry and tasks needing a number pad.
- Tenkeyless (TKL): Drops the number pad, saving space and reducing strain.
- 75%, 65%, 60%: Compact options for smaller desks, travel, or gaming, with varying trade-offs in functionality.
Layouts:
- ANSI (US standard): Most common in the U.S.
- ISO (European standard): Popular in Europe with a vertical Enter key.
- JIS (Japanese standard): Designed for Japanese typing needs.
Customization:
- Switches, keycaps, and accessories allow you to fine-tune your keyboard's feel and look.
- Brands like KeebsForAll offer kits like the Freebird Series, starting at $160, with hot-swappable PCBs and multiple layout options.

Choosing the right keyboard depends on your workflow, desk space, and typing habits. Compact keyboards save space but may require learning new key combinations, while full-size keyboards provide all functionality at the cost of space. Explore options like the Freebird Series or second-hand marketplaces to find your perfect match.

Keyboard Sizes: Options and Use Cases

Full-Size, TKL, and Compact Keyboards

Full-size keyboards are about 18 inches wide and come with all 104 keys. This includes the main typing area, function keys, arrow keys, and a dedicated number pad. They’re a solid choice for tasks like data entry, accounting, or any work that requires frequent numeric input.

Tenkeyless (TKL) keyboards drop the number pad, reducing the width to around 14 inches. You still get the function keys and arrow cluster, but the more compact design brings your mouse closer to your typing position. This setup can help reduce shoulder strain during long work sessions while saving desk space.

75% keyboards take compactness further by eliminating gaps between key sections. The function keys sit directly above the number row, keeping them accessible without needing combinations. At about 13 inches wide, this layout provides a smaller footprint while retaining most functionality.

65% keyboards go even smaller, measuring roughly 12.5 inches wide. They ditch the function row but keep the arrow keys and a few navigation keys like Page Up and Delete. F-keys are still available, but you’ll need to use function layer combinations to access them.

60% keyboards are the most compact, coming in at around 12 inches wide. They strip away the function keys, arrow keys, and navigation cluster, leaving just the main alphanumeric area. Any missing keys are accessible through function combinations, making this layout ideal for those who want a minimalist setup with maximum desk space.

Choosing the Right Size for Your Needs

Understanding the different sizes is one thing, but choosing the right one depends on how you work and play. Accountants, data analysts, and spreadsheet users often stick with full-size keyboards because the dedicated number pad speeds up numeric input. Programmers and writers might lean toward TKL or 65% keyboards, as they rarely use number pads but need arrow keys for navigating text. Gamers tend to favor 60% or 65% keyboards because the smaller size frees up more room for mouse movement - important for competitive play. Travelers and mobile workers often opt for 60% keyboards since they fit easily into laptop bags and work well in tight spaces.

Your desk size also matters. Standard office desks (24-30 inches deep) can handle any keyboard size comfortably. However, if you’re working with a compact desk less than 20 inches deep, TKL or smaller keyboards are better to avoid awkward arm positioning.

Cost is another factor. A full-size keyboard requires nearly double the components of a 60% keyboard. For instance, while a 60% keyboard might need 61 switches and keycaps, a full-size one requires 104 of each. This difference could add $50-100 to your build, depending on the components you choose.

Take a moment to think about how you use your keyboard daily. Many people realize they rarely touch the number pad or function keys, making smaller layouts like 65% or 60% perfectly suitable. On the other hand, if losing dedicated arrow keys disrupts your workflow, you might want to stick with a 65% or larger keyboard for a better balance of functionality and space.

Keyboard Layouts: Features and Considerations

ANSI vs ISO vs JIS Layouts

The arrangement of keys on a keyboard doesn’t just affect how it looks - it also impacts how it performs. The ANSI (American National Standards Institute) layout is the most common in the United States. It’s characterized by a horizontal Enter key, a backslash key located above Enter, and a larger left Shift key. In Europe, the ISO (International Organization for Standardization) layout is more popular. It stands out with its tall, vertical Enter key and an extra key between the left Shift and the Z key. Meanwhile, the JIS (Japanese Industrial Standards) layout is tailored for typing in Japanese, featuring additional keys to toggle between Hiragana, Katakana, and Roman characters. To make space for these functions, the spacebar is shorter.

For users in the U.S., ANSI is the go-to option. Most American-made keycap sets are designed with ANSI standards in mind, and local retailers primarily carry ANSI-compatible parts. Switching to ISO or JIS layouts, however, can be a bit tricky. You’d need to hunt for specialty keycaps and components, which aren’t as widely available. Plus, adjusting to a new layout can temporarily throw off your typing flow as your muscle memory adapts.

Comfort and Typing Experience

A keyboard’s design goes beyond its layout - it directly influences how comfortable it is to use. Typically, the keys are spaced about 0.75 inches (19.05 mm) from center to center, with the rows slightly offset by 0.25 inches. This arrangement aligns with the natural movement of your fingers, making typing feel more fluid.

The bottom row of keys plays a significant role in how a keyboard feels. On standard ANSI keyboards, the spacebar measures 6.25 units, flanked by 1.25-unit-wide modifier keys. Some custom layouts deviate from this, altering the dimensions of the bottom row. These changes can affect how the keyboard feels under your fingers and may take some getting used to.

Many keyboards also include adjustable feet, allowing you to set the keyboard’s tilt - usually between 4 and 8 degrees. This helps keep your wrists in a more natural and comfortable position. For those seeking even more ergonomic options, split keyboards let you position each half at shoulder width, though they require a bit of practice to get used to.

Keycap profiles are another factor in comfort. They’re designed to complement the natural arc of your fingers, reducing strain during long typing sessions. A well-thought-out design can make all the difference in preventing discomfort, especially if you’re typing for extended periods.

What to Consider When Choosing a Custom Keyboard

Evaluate Your Workflow and Typing Style

Your daily tasks and typing habits play a big role in determining the right keyboard for you. Think about the keys you rely on the most - whether it's for coding, gaming, or general typing - and choose a layout that complements your routine. This not only enhances your typing speed and accuracy but also makes long hours at the keyboard more comfortable. By understanding your workflow, you can pick components that balance performance and personal style.

Explore Customization and Design

The feel of your keyboard is heavily influenced by the switches you choose. Factors like actuation force, travel distance, and tactile feedback can dramatically change your typing experience. On top of that, keycap materials add another layer of customization, letting you refine both the look and feel of your keyboard to suit your preferences.

Custom Keyboard Solutions from KeebsForAll

KeebsForAll

Freebird Series: Keyboard Kits for Every Need

Freebird Series

KeebsForAll's Freebird Series is a lineup of versatile keyboard kits designed to cater to different preferences and layouts. The series includes:

Freebird60: A compact 60% layout priced at $160.00.
Freebird75: A 75% layout option for $199.00.
Freebird TKL: A tenkeyless model available for $249.99.

Each kit features a CNC-machined aluminum case, a hot-swappable PCB for easy switch changes, multi-layout support, and Durock V2 Screw-in Stabilizers. They also include tailored mounting systems and USB-C support for Windows, Linux, and iOS.

The mounting systems vary by model: the Freebird60 uses an O-ring Tray Mount, while the Freebird75 and Freebird TKL offer both Top Mount and Gummy O-ring systems.

Switches, Keycaps, and Build Accessories

KeebsForAll provides a wide range of components to customize your keyboard to your liking. Their switch collection includes options for every preference, from light linear switches ideal for gaming to heavier tactile switches that enhance typing feedback. Each switch type impacts the sound and actuation force, letting you fine-tune your keyboard experience.

For keycaps, KeebsForAll offers durable PBT keycaps in various profiles. These keycaps resist shine over time and are designed for comfort during extended use.

To complete your build, essential tools and accessories are also available, such as:

Krytox 205 g0 lubricant for smooth switch operation ($7.95)
KFA Switch Opener to make switch modding easier ($19.00)

Explore the Second-Hand Marketplace

KeebsForAll also runs a second-hand marketplace at kfamarketplace.com, providing access to pre-built keyboards and rare components. This platform is perfect for beginners who want to try out completed keyboards or experiment with different layouts and switches before building their own.

For seasoned enthusiasts, the marketplace offers an opportunity to sell unused keyboards or track down specific components for unique projects. It’s a hub for discovering hidden gems and connecting with the keyboard community.

Mechanical Keyboard Size Guide from Smallest to Largest

Conclusion: Finding Your Perfect Keyboard

Choosing the right custom keyboard size and layout starts with understanding how you work and what you need most. There’s no universal "best" keyboard size - it all comes down to your personal workflow and preferences. By analyzing how you use your keyboard daily, you can make a choice that truly fits.

For example, if you’re crunching numbers all day, a full-size keyboard with a dedicated numpad might be the way to go. On the other hand, gamers and writers often lean toward compact 60-65% layouts. These smaller designs free up desk space and cut down on hand movement, although they do involve trade-offs between features and portability.

The rise in popularity of 65% and 75% keyboards highlights a shift toward compact, efficient designs. These layouts strike a balance by saving space while keeping most essential keys. Smaller keyboards also make for easier transport and less hand strain, though they may require getting used to alternate key combinations for certain functions.

Once you’ve identified your needs, check out options like the Freebird Series from KeebsForAll. Whether it’s the compact Freebird60 for $160.00 or the larger Freebird TKL at $249.99, these keyboards come with hot-swappable PCBs, letting you experiment with switches to find your ideal setup.

If you’re unsure about committing to a layout, platforms like kfamarketplace.com let you try pre-built keyboards first, giving you a risk-free way to explore your options.

The right keyboard is out there - it’s just a matter of finding the one that fits seamlessly into your workflow and lifestyle.

FAQs

How can I figure out the right keyboard size for my needs and desk setup?

Choosing the right keyboard size boils down to your workspace and how you plan to use it. If desk space is tight or you need something easy to carry around, smaller options like 60% or 65% keyboards are ideal. These compact designs skip the numpad and some function keys, making them both space-saving and portable. On the other hand, if your work or hobbies involve tasks like data entry or gaming, a full-size (100%) keyboard offers the complete set of keys but does require more room.

Consider what you do daily, how much space you have, and what feels most comfortable. Striking the right balance can help you choose the keyboard that fits your needs best.

What’s the difference between ANSI, ISO, and JIS keyboard layouts, and how do they affect typing?

The ANSI, ISO, and JIS keyboard layouts each have unique key arrangements and shapes, which can affect how comfortable and efficient typing feels.

ANSI: This layout is widely used in the United States. It features a rectangular Enter key and a longer Left Shift key, making it a simple and familiar choice for many users who prioritize fast and accurate typing.
ISO: Common in Europe, this layout includes an L-shaped Enter key and a shorter Left Shift key. Some users find this design more ergonomic or better suited for specific typing tasks.
JIS: Designed for Japanese users, the JIS layout incorporates additional keys to accommodate Japanese characters. For those unfamiliar with the language, this layout might feel a bit less intuitive.

Choosing the right keyboard layout can make a noticeable difference in typing speed, comfort, and usability - especially if your tasks involve language-specific input. If you're thinking about customizing your keyboard, take some time to figure out which layout aligns best with your needs and typing style.

What are the best ways to customize a mechanical keyboard for better performance and comfort?

Customizing a mechanical keyboard can transform both its performance and how enjoyable it is to use. Some popular tweaks include replacing keycaps and switches to fine-tune the keyboard’s feel, sound, and overall look. You can also incorporate programmable macros to streamline tasks and adjust the layout or height to improve comfort and reduce strain.

If you're ready to dive deeper, consider hot-swappable switches - a feature that lets you swap switches without dealing with soldering. Another option is using DIP switches, which allow you to reassign key functions. These upgrades make it simple to create a keyboard that fits your exact preferences, whether for gaming, work, or casual typing.